IMMUNE MEDIATED SIDE EFFECTS OF PEMBROLIZUMAB AND NIVOLUMAB THERAPY: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, GENETIC CONTRIBUTIONS AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Volume 35, Number 7 (2025)

Karamello Halak, Yuseph Mohamed, Armantas Gintautas Abstract Pembrolizumab and nivolumab are examples of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) drugs that are cancer trea­ting drugs that reactivate antitumor immune responses. But they result in immune related side effects (irAEs) that are typically multisystemic and unpredictable. In additionally referring to advanced artificial intelligence (machine learning) for early detection…

SURVIVAL ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER IN 2008-2016

Volume 33, Number 6 (2023)

Sigita Liutkauskienė, Roberta Žeimytė, Karolina Gudišauskaitė, Saulius Grižas Abstract Background and objectives. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosis made in men. Given that 2,293,818 new cases are expected worldwide by 2040, it is important to conceptualize the disease and primary stage of cancer, distant metastases, testosterone concen­tration, and previous treatments help to…

Common Molecular Mechanisms of Ageing and Cancer

Volume 23, Number 6(91) (2013)

Ričardas Stonys, Birutė Kazbarienė, Janina Didžiapetrienė Abstract According to statistical data, cancer incidence are increasing with age, for this reason, researchers have begun to look at what links these two processes. This article reviews molecular mechanisms, which are usually referred to in the literature reviews, that links cancer and ageing: genome instability, telomeres and shelterin,…