Danielius Serapinas
Abstract
Summary
Globally the increasing number of infertile couples makes scientists to study and analyse factors influencing fertility. The paper describes the genetic changes and external factors on male and female fertility. It was found that there are three main genetic causes determining male infertility: CFTR gene mutations leading to obstructive azoospermia, Y chromosome microdeletion and chromosome number or structure anomalies. However, the main factors adversely affecting fertility are associated with the external environment and way of life. This is due to the social and behavioral changes in society that are related to increased exposure to harmful factors. In recent years, increased number of research suggesting that electromagnetic radiation (mobile phones, navigation systems, etc.) smoking, extensive use of household plastics are serious risk factors for fertility. Women‘s fertility is particularly associated with the risk factors: former abortion, sexual infections, hormonal contraceptive use. Metaanalysis of research shows that the most common causes of fertility decline is not genetic, but exogenous.
Keyword(s): Fertility, genetic tests, risk factors.
DOI: 10.5200/58
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